Composting fermentation process is dispensable part in the production of organic fertilizer. In this process, organic matter is constantly degraded and stabilized under certain conditions by microorganisms, and produce some products benefit to soil. More and more countries pay attention to the research and improvement of methods on organic fertilizercompost technology, It is a simple and effective method to produce bio-organic fertilizer. Under the action of microorganism, all organic matters become stable and easily absorbed by crops. Toxicity of heavy metal is reduced within a certain range. The compost fermentation turning machine with high efficiency, low cost, easy operation and maintenance is necessary part for the compost process of organic fertilizer production.It has good ecological significance and also brings benefits to agricultural production.
The high - quality organic fertilizer compost fermentation generally takes 45 to 60 days. It will kill harmful microorganisms with the warming and high temperature in the early stage of compost, such as pathogenic bacteria, insect eggs and grass seed, etc., in the later period, microorganisms begin to have humification to organic matter, and produces a large number of metabolites beneficial to plant growth and absorption. Compost can achieve three purposes, harmlessness; humification; a large number of microbial metabolites such as antibiotics, proteins and so on.
.jpg)
Principle of organic fertilizer fermentation
The complex transformation of organic matter in compost under the action of microorganisms can be concluded into two processes: One is the process of mineralization of organic matter, that is, complex organic matter is decomposed into simple matter, and be generated into carbon dioxide, water, mineral nutrient. It can provide immediate nutrients for crops and microorganisms, provide energy for microbial activity, and prepare basic raw materials for humification of compost organic matter. When compost is dominated by aerobic microbial activity, organic matter rapidly mineralizes into more carbon dioxide, water and other nutrients, decomposes quickly and thoroughly, and emits a lot of heat energy. When the main activity is anaerobic microorganism, the decomposition rate of organic matter is slow, incomplete, and the release of heat energy is less. Besides the nutrients for plant growth, the decomposition are easy to accumulate organic acids and reducing substances such as CH4, H2S, PH3 and H2. When it reaches a certain level, it is unfavorable or even harmful to crop growth. Therefore, the turnover during composting fermentation is also to convert microbial activity to eliminate harmful substances.
Another is the humification process of organic matter, that is, organic matter is decomposed and resynthesized to produce more complex special organic matter - humus.
Fermentation technology of compost
Compost is actually a form of waste stabilization, but it requires special humidity, ventilation conditions, and microorganisms to produce appropriate temperatures. Generally the temperature is higher than 45 ℃ to keep the high temperature can make the pathogen inactivation, and kill the weed seeds. The residual organic matter relatively stable and easy to be absorbed by plants, the stink can be greatly reduced after composting.
The composting process mainly depends on the action of microorganisms, The microorganisms have two sources: one is the large number of microorganisms existing in organic waste; The other is an artificially added microbe inoculant. These bacteria have a strong decomposition ability for organic waste, can accelerate the process and shorten the time of compost reaction.
Compost is generally divided into aerobic compost and anaerobic compost. Aerobic compost is a decomposition process of organic materials under aerobic conditions. Its metabolites are mainly carbon dioxide, water and heat. Anaerobic compost is the decomposition process of organic materials under anaerobic conditions. The final metabolites are methane, carbon dioxide and many intermediates with low molecular weight, such as organic acids. The main microbial species involved are bacteria, fungi and actinomycete in the composting process. Here simple groove turning machine is suitable for this process, Control cabinet centralized control, it can achieve manual or automatic control function, the shovel durable, the material has a certain number of broken and mixed functions, limit stroke switch, it can play a safe and limited role.